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Pediatric Skull Base 3T

Philips Healthcare – MR Gadopiclenol (VUEWAY®) Protocols

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Instructions And Patient Preparation

Instructions
No NPO requirements. Free-breathing.
Position
Supine, head first
Coil
32-channel or 16-channel head coil
Landmark
Center at nasion

Contrast Agent Parameters

Contrast Agent Dose Injection Rate Dose Timing Method and Scan Delay
Gadopiclenol (VUEWAY) 0.1 mL/kg (single dose, weight-based) Hand injection IV placed prior to start of MRI
Saline Flush 5-10 mL Hand injection Following contrast
Comments Single dose of VUEWAY 0.1 mL/kg based on patient weight; hand inject followed by 5-10 mL saline flush. Report agent administered and dose.

Info Page

Scan Description Survey AX DWI SG T1 3D AX SWIp AX T2 DRIVE IAC DWI tse IAC pCASL 3D AX T2 HR
POST CONTRAST		 SG FLAIR 3D
POST CONTRAST		 AX T1 FS IAC
POST CONTRAST		 AX T1 FS 3D
POST CONTRAST
    View Image View Image View Image View Image View Image View Image View Image View Image View Image View Image
Total scan duration 00:56.2 01:27.7 05:13.9 03:24.5 02:16.4 03:34.4 02:40.9 03:09.3 05:02.4 03:58.6 03:55.5
Rel. SNR 1 1.77639198 1.92046714 1.34905994 0.0619427711 0.774342656 1 0.544027328 0.824332178 0.483988017 1
Act. TR(ms) ― 4178 ― ― 1550 1787 4234 8605 ― ― ―
Act. TE(ms) ― 93 ― ― 250 69 12 80 312 ― ―
Act. TR/TE(ms) 11 / 4.6 ― 8.3 / 3.8 ― ― ― ― ― ― 5.4 / 2.4 3.8 / 1.62
Act. TR/TI(ms) ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― 4800 / 1650 ― ―
Act. TR/TE1/delta TE(ms) ― ― ― 31 / 7.2 / 6.2 ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
ACQ matrix M x P 256 x 128 168 x 165 240 x 222 368 x 298 352 x 326 152 x 129 64 x 60 468 x 297 240 x 240 224 x 227 220 x 193
ACQ voxel MPS (mm) 0.98 / 1.95 / 5.00 1.31 / 1.33 / 4.00 1.00 / 1.08 / 1.00 0.60 / 0.60 / 2.00 0.40 / 0.43 / 0.60 1.51 / 1.52 / 2.00 3.75 / 4.00 / 6.00 0.47 / 0.60 / 2.00 1.00 / 1.00 / 1.00 0.80 / 0.79 / 0.80 1.00 / 1.00 / 1.00
REC voxel MPS (mm) 0.98 / 0.98 / 5.00 1.15 / 1.15 / 4.00 0.94 / 0.94 / 1.00 0.34 / 0.34 / 1.00 0.27 / 0.27 / 0.30 0.96 / 0.96 / 2.00 3.00 / 3.00 / 6.00 0.43 / 0.43 / 2.00 1.00 / 1.00 / 1.00 0.47 / 0.47 / 0.40 0.49 / 0.49 / 1.00
Scan percentage (%) 50 98.2142868 92.5 99.6655502 92.6136398 100 93.75 78.7798386 100 101.156067 100
Packages ― 1 ― ― ― 2 ― 2 ― ― ―
TFE shots 2 ― 104 ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
TFE dur. shot / acq (ms) 985.7 / 352.0 ― 1930.4 / 1843.4 ― ― ― ― ― ― 338.9 / 315.9 637.8 / 615.9
TFE shot interval (ms) 985.697693 ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― 338.861511 ―
Min. TI delay 221.297897 ― 960.537781 ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
Min. slice gap (mm) ― -0 ― ― ― 2 ― 2 ― ― ―
EPIfactor ― 55 ― ― ― ― 15 ― ― ― ―
Act.slicegap (mm) ― ― 0 -1 -0.300000012 ― 0 ― 0 -0.400000006 0
Act. WFS (pix) / BW (Hz) 2.980 / 145.8 ― 2.269 / 191.5 1.701 / 255.4 ― ― ― ― ― 0.701 / 620.0 0.466 / 931.4
Min. WFS (pix) / Max. BW (Hz) 0.561 / 775.0 ― 0.525 / 826.7 0.767 / 566.1 ― ― ― ― ― 0.607 / 715.4 0.459 / 947.0
Min. TR/TE(ms) 9.4 / 3.8 ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
Min. TR/TE1/delta TE(ms) ― ― ― 29 / 5.8 / 6.2 ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
WFS (pix) / BW (Hz) ― 22.374 / 19.4 ― ― 1.811 / 239.9 0.359 / 1209.3 3.625 / 119.8 1.984 / 218.9 0.459 / 947.0 ― ―
TSE es / shot(ms) ― ― ― ― 9.1 / 500 4.0 / 212 12.1 / 303 10.0 / 160 3.4 / 593 ― ―
TEeff / TEequiv(ms) ― ― ― ― ― 8 / 6 ― 80 / 72 312 / 132 ― ―
Min. TR(ms) ― ― ― ― 1061 ― ― ― ― ― ―
Min. TR/TI(ms) ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― 2392 / 50 ― ―
BW in EPI freq. dir. (Hz) ― 1247.4 ― ― ― ― 2625.6 ― ― ― ―
SPIR offset act./default (Hz) ― 220 [220] ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
Local torso SAR < 10 % < 30 % < 7 % < 8 % < 68 % < 95 % ― < 100 % < 15 % < 28 % ―
Whole body SAR / level < 0.3 W/kg / normal < 1.0 W/kg / normal < 0.2 W/kg / normal < 0.3 W/kg / normal < 2.2 W/kg / 1st level < 0.1 W/kg / normal < 0.3 W/kg / normal < 3.2 W/kg / 1st level < 0.5 W/kg / normal < 0.9 W/kg / normal < 0.1 W/kg / normal
SED 0.0 kJ/kg < 0.1 kJ/kg < 0.1 kJ/kg < 0.1 kJ/kg < 0.3 kJ/kg 0.0 kJ/kg 0.0 kJ/kg < 0.6 kJ/kg < 0.1 kJ/kg < 0.2 kJ/kg 0.0 kJ/kg
Coil Power 10 % 29 % 7 % 8 % 65 % ― 88 % 96 % 15 % 27 % 28 %
Max B1+rms 0.72 uT 1.25 uT 0.60 uT 0.65 uT 1.89 uT 2.22 uT 2.20 uT 2.29 uT 0.98 uT 1.22 uT 1.24 uT
PNS / level 59 % / normal 85 % / 1st level 52 % / normal 79 % / normal 50 % / normal 73 % / normal 62 % / normal 26 % / normal 79 % / normal 69 % / normal 100 % / 1st level
dB/dt 45.4 T/s 111.7 T/s 51.2 T/s 58.8 T/s 46.3 T/s 95.4 T/s 75.3 T/s 16.1 T/s 113.1 T/s 52.1 T/s 95.6 T/s
Sound Pressure Level (dB) 11.403451 12.7047787 9.17535019 10.8366747 6.81329298 13.0329542 15.4121809 -5.74669218 20.618679 9.35848427 16.0933762
Boil-off (hPa/h) ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
Max Boil-off (hPa/h) ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
Boil-off (hPa) ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―

Geometry

Scan Description Survey AX DWI SG T1 3D AX SWIp AX T2 DRIVE IAC DWI tse IAC pCASL 3D AX T2 HR
POST CONTRAST		 SG FLAIR 3D
POST CONTRAST		 AX T1 FS IAC
POST CONTRAST		 AX T1 FS 3D
POST CONTRAST
Nucleus ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
SmartSelect yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes
Coil 1 (exclude) ― None None None None None None None None None None
Uniformity CLEAR CLEAR CLEAR CLEAR CLEAR CLEAR CLEAR CLEAR CLEAR CLEAR CLEAR
FOV AP (mm) 250 220 240 220 140 195.5 240 220 240 180 220
FOV FH (mm) 250 154 240 154 25.5000019 35 84 150 240 36 160
FOV RL (mm) ― 220 185 178.75 140 230 240 177.03125 160 180 192.5
    stack RL (mm) ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
ACQ voxel size AP (mm) 1.953125 1.29999995 1 0.600000024 0.400000006 1.5 3.75 0.469999999 1 0.800000012 1
ACQ voxel size FH (mm) 0.976562977 ― 1 2 0.600000024 ― 6 ― 1 0.800000012 1
ACQ voxel size RL (mm) ― 1.29999995 1 0.600000024 0.429448009 1.5 3.75 0.588388979 1 0.796459973 1
Slice thickness (mm) 5 4 ― ― ― 2 ― 2 ― ― ―
Recon voxel size AP (mm) 0.9765625 1.14583337 0.9375 0.34375 0.2734375 0.958333313 3 0.4296875 1 0.46875 0.491071433
Recon voxel size FH (mm) 0.9765625 ― 0.9375 1 0.300000012 ― 6 ― 1 0.400000006 1
Recon voxel size RL (mm) ― 1.14583337 1 0.34375 0.2734375 0.958333313 3 0.4296875 1 0.46875 0.491071433
Fold-over suppression no no no no no no no no no no no
Slice oversampling ― ― default default default ― default ― user defined user defined default
    oversample factor ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― 1 1.39999998 ―
ENCASE enable ― ― no no ― ― ― ― ― no no
RF select. FOS ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
Reconstruction matrix 256 192 256 640 512 240 80 512 240 384 448
SENSE no yes yes no no yes yes no no yes yes
    Preduction (AP) ― 3 1 ― ― 2.5 2 ― ― ― ―
MB SENSE ― no ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
CS-SENSE yes no no yes yes no no yes yes no no
    reduction 2 ― ― 4 5 ― ― 2 6 ― ―
    denoising system default ― ― system default system default ― ― system default system default ― ―
k-t Acceleration no no no no no no no no no no no
Stacks 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
    current ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
    type parallel parallel ― ― ― parallel ― parallel ― ― ―
    slices 3 31 185 154 85 12 14 75 160 90 160
    slice gap user defined user defined ― ― ― user defined ― user defined ― ― ―
    gap (mm) 10 1 ― ― ― 1 ― 0 ― ― ―
    slice orientation sagittal transverse sagittal transverse transverse transverse transverse transverse sagittal transverse transverse
    fold-over direction RL AP AP RL RL AP AP RL AP RL RL
    fat shift direction F P F P P L P P F P P
Minimum number of packages ― 1 ― ― ― 1 ― 1 ― ― ―
Multi-chunk ― ― no no no ― no ― no no no
Slice scan order default default ― ― ― default ― default ― ― ―
Stack scan order ascend ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
Stack sort order no ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
O-MAR ― ― ― ― no no ― no no ― ―
Large table movement no no no no no no no no no no no
Plan Align no no no no no no no no no no no
REST slabs 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0
    type ― ― ― ― parallel ― ― parallel ― ― ―
    thickness (mm) ― ― ― ― 40 ― ― 60 ― ― ―
    position ― ― ― ― feet ― ― feet ― ― ―
    gap ― ― ― ― default ― ― default ― ― ―
    power ― ― ― ― 1 ― ― 1 1 1 2
Interactive positioning no no no no no no no no no no no
Allow table movement ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
Patient position head first head first head first head first head first head first head first head first head first head first head first
Patient body position head first head first head first head first head first head first head first head first head first head first head first
Patient orientation supine supine supine supine supine supine supine supine supine supine supine
Patient body orientation supine supine supine supine supine supine supine supine supine supine supine

Contrast

Scan Description Survey AX DWI SG T1 3D AX SWIp AX T2 DRIVE IAC DWI tse IAC pCASL 3D AX T2 HR
POST CONTRAST		 SG FLAIR 3D
POST CONTRAST		 AX T1 FS IAC
POST CONTRAST		 AX T1 FS 3D
POST CONTRAST
Scan type Imaging Imaging Imaging Imaging Imaging Imaging Imaging Imaging Imaging Imaging Imaging
Scan mode M2D MS 3D 3D 3D MS 3D MS 3D 3D 3D
technique FFE SE FFE FFE SE SE SE SE IR FFE FFE
Modified SE ― no ― ― no no no no ― ― ―
3D non-selective ― ― ― ― yes ― yes ― ― ― ―
loop order ― ― ― zy_order ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
Contrast enhancement T1 ― T1 T1 ― ― ― ― ― T1 T1
Acquisition mode cartesian cartesian cartesian cartesian cartesian cartesian cartesian cartesian cartesian cartesian cartesian
Fast Imaging mode TFE EPI TFE none TSE TSE GraSE TSE TSE TFE TFE
3D VIEW ― ― ― ― no ― no ― Brain FLAIR ― ―
shot mode multishot single-shot multishot ― multishot single-shot multishot multishot multishot single-shot single-shot
TFE factor 32 ― 222 ― ― ― ― ― ― 58 164
TSE factor ― ― ― ― 54 52 25 15 167 ― ―
startup echoes default ― default ― 0 1 0 0 6 user defined user defined
shot interval shortest ― user defined ― ― ― ― ― ― shortest user defined
(ms) ― ― 3000 ― ― ― ― ― ― ― 760
profile order linear ― linear ― linear low_high low_high linear linear linear linear
turbo direction ― ― Y ― radial ― Z ― Y Z Z
DRIVE ― ― ― ― yes no no yes no ― ―
ultrashort ― ― ― ― no no ― no ― ― ―
shift ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
fid reduction ― ― ― ― default default ― default default ― ―
Echoes 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
partial echo no no no no no no no no no no no
shifted echo no ― no no ― ― ― ― ― no no
TE in-phase shortest shortest user defined shortest shortest shortest user defined shortest shortest shortest
(ms) 4.60385227 ― ― 7.19999981 ― ― ― 80 ― ― ―
echospacing ― ― ― user defined ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
(ms) ― ― ― 6.19999981 ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
flyback ― ― ― yes ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
Flip angle (deg) 15 90 8 17 90 90 90 90 ― 10 10
Refocusing control ― ― ― ― no constant no constant constant ― ―
angle (deg) ― ― ― ― ― 50 ― 120 40 ― ―
bright fat reduction ― ― ― ― ― no ― no no ― ―
TR user defined shortest shortest user defined user defined shortest shortest shortest user defined shortest shortest
(ms) 11 ― ― 31 1550 ― ― ― 4800 ― ―
minimum (ms) ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
maximum (ms) ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
Halfscan no yes no no no no no no no no yes
factor ― 0.744681001 ― ― ― ― ― 4 ― ― ―
factor Y ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― 0.800000012
factor Z ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― 0.800000012
Water-fat shift user defined minimum maximum user defined maximum user defined maximum maximum maximum user defined user defined
(pixels) 3.5 ― ― 1.70000005 ― 2 ― ― ― 0.699999988 0.460000008
IR delay (ms) ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― 1650 ― ―
dual ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― no ― ―
power ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― 1 ― ―
RF Shims fixed fixed fixed fixed fixed ― fixed fixed fixed fixed fixed
Shim default auto auto auto default auto auto default default default auto
mDIXON no no no no no no no no no no no
Fat suppression no SPIR no no no SPIR SPIR no SPIR SPAIR SPAIR
strength ― strong ― ― ― strong medium ― strong ― ―
power ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― 1 2
inversion delay ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― shortest shortest
suppr. level ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
frequency offset ― user defined ― ― ― default default ― default user defined user defined
offset (Hz) ― 220 ― ― ― ― ― ― ― 220 200
Grad Rev Fat suppr ― yes ― ― no no no no no ― ―
Water suppression no no no no no no no no no no no
TFE prepulse invert ― invert ― ― ― ― ― ― no no
slice selection no ― no ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
delay user defined ― user defined ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
(ms) 800 ― 1000 ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
BB pulse ― no ― ― no no no no no ― ―
MTC no no no no no no no no no no no
T2prep no ― no ― ― ― ― ― yes no no
echo time(ms) ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― 125 ― ―
refocusing pulses ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― 4 ― ―
APT ― no ― ― no no no no ― ― ―
Custom prepulse no no no no no no no no no no no
MDME no no no no no no no no no no no
Diffusion mode no DWI no no no DWI no no no no no
sequence ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
gradient expert mode ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
gradient overplus ― no ― ― ― yes ― ― ― ― ―
direction ― S ― ― through-plane ― ― ― ― ― ―
nr of b-factors ― 2 ― ― ― 2 ― ― ― ― ―
b-factor order ― ascending ― ― ― ascending ― ― ― ― ―
max b-factor ― 1000 ― ― ― 1000 ― ― ― ― ―
average high b ― yes ― ― ― yes ― ― ― ― ―
T1 mapping no no no no no no no no no no no
Transmit channels both both both both both ― both both both both both
SAR mode high high high high high high high high high high high
B1 mode default default default default default default default default default default default
SAR allow first level yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes no
Patient pregnancy no no no no no no ― no no no ―
Patient WB SAR [W/kg] 0 0 0 0 0 0 ― 0 0 0 ―
Patient Head SAR [W/kg] 0 0 0 0 0 0 ― 0 0 0 ―
Patient max. dB/dt [T/s] 0 0 0 0 0 0 ― 0 0 0 ―
Max slewrate [T/m/s] 0 0 0 0 0 0 ― 0 0 0 ―
Max. B1+rms [uT] 0 0 0 0 0 0 ― 0 0 0 ―
PNS mode low high moderate moderate low high moderate low high high high
Gradient mode default maximum default maximum default maximum maximum default maximum default maximum
SofTone mode no no no no no no no user defined no no no

Motion

Scan Description Survey AX DWI SG T1 3D AX SWIp AX T2 DRIVE IAC DWI tse IAC pCASL 3D AX T2 HR
POST CONTRAST		 SG FLAIR 3D
POST CONTRAST		 AX T1 FS IAC
POST CONTRAST		 AX T1 FS 3D
POST CONTRAST
Cardiac synchronization no no no no no no no no no no no
Heart rate > 250 bpm no no no no no no no no no no no
Respiratory compensation no no no no no no no no no no no
Navigator respiratory comp no no no no no no no no no no no
Flow compensation no no no yes yes no no no no no no
Temporal slice spacing ― default ― ― ― default ― default ― ― ―
Motion smoothing no ― no ― no no no no no no no
fMRI echo stabilisation no ― no no ― ― ― ― ― no no
NSA 1 2 1 1 1 6 1 1 2 4 2
MRE enable no no no no no no no no no no no

Dynamic Angio

Scan Description Survey AX DWI SG T1 3D AX SWIp AX T2 DRIVE IAC DWI tse IAC pCASL 3D AX T2 HR
POST CONTRAST		 SG FLAIR 3D
POST CONTRAST		 AX T1 FS IAC
POST CONTRAST		 AX T1 FS 3D
POST CONTRAST
Angio / Contrast enh. no ― no no ― ― ― ― ― contrast enh. contrast enh.
Quantitative flow no ― no no ― ― ― ― ― no no
CENTRA ― ― no ― no ― ― ― no ― ―
Manual start no no no no no no no yes no no no
Dynamic study no no no no no no individual no no no no
Arterial Spin labeling no no no no no no pCASL no no no no

Post Processing

Scan Description Survey AX DWI SG T1 3D AX SWIp AX T2 DRIVE IAC DWI tse IAC pCASL 3D AX T2 HR
POST CONTRAST		 SG FLAIR 3D
POST CONTRAST		 AX T1 FS IAC
POST CONTRAST		 AX T1 FS 3D
POST CONTRAST
Preparation phases auto auto auto auto auto auto auto auto auto auto auto
Interactive F0 no no no no no no no no no no no
Quick Survey default default default default default default default default default default default
SmartPlan survey no no no no no no no no no no no
B0 field map no no no no no no no no no no no
B1 field map no no no no no no no no no no no
MIP/MPR no no no no no no no no no no no
SWIp no ― no yes ― ― ― ― ― no no
Images no no no no no no no no no no no
Autoview image M M M ― M M M M M M M
Calculated images no no no ― no no no no ― no no
Reference tissue White matter Grey matter White matter White matter White matter Grey matter Grey matter Grey matter Grey matter White matter White matter
Recon compression No No High High High No High High High No No
Preset window contrast soft soft soft soft soft soft soft soft soft soft soft
Reconstruction mode immediate real time real time immediate immediate real time immediate real time real time real time real time
Save raw data no no no no no no no no no no no
Hardcopy protocol no no no no no no no no no no no
Image filter system default system default system default system default medium system default system default system default system default system default system default
Uniformity correction no no no no no no no no yes no no
Geometry correction default default default default default default default default default default default
EPI geometry correction ― no ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
ADC correction ― no ― ― ― no ― ― ― ― ―
Elliptical k-space shutter ― ― default default default ― default ― default default default
Free rotatable no no no no no no no no no no no