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Pediatric Abdomen Enterography 3T

Philips Healthcare – MR Gadopiclenol (VUEWAY®) Protocols

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Instructions And Patient Preparation

Instructions
Non-sedated patients only. NPO 4 hours. Oral contrast (Breeza) given with age-based dosing (roughly 20 mL/kg), consumed over a 30-minute period per dose; scan the patient immediately after drinking (Breeza may be given via NG/NJ tube if necessary). Glucagon 0.5 mg administered intravenously while the patient is on the table, immediately prior to the exam. Inspiration breath-hold required; practice breath-holds with the patient prior to MRI. Cover top of bowel through pubic symphysis.
Position
Supine, head first
Coil
dStream Torso coil
Landmark
Center at mid abdomen

Contrast Agent Parameters

Contrast Agent Dose Injection Rate Dose Timing Method and Scan Delay
Gadopiclenol (VUEWAY) 0.1 mL/kg (weight-based) 2 mL/sec (power injector) Contrast bolus tracker; start scan after contrast visualized in lungs (lung blush)
Saline Flush 15 mL 2 mL/sec Following contrast
Comments Dynamic contrast injection with power injector: 0.1 mL/kg by weight at 2 mL/sec, followed by 15 mL normal saline at 2 mL/sec. If the volume is too small for the power injector (typically less than 1 mL), place extension tubing and hand inject. Contrast bolus tracker used for timing.

Info Page

Scan Description Survey AX DWI RT LOWER AX DWI RT UPPER AX T2 FS SS CO T2 FS SS CO T2 TSE CO T1 FS DYNAMIC CONTRAST INJECTION AX T1 FS
POST CONTRAST
    View Image View Image View Image View Image View Image View Image View Image
Total scan duration 00:10.2 03:12.0 03:12.0 00:55.7 00:43.2 00:45.0 00:58.5 00:25.9
Rel. SNR 1.76241052 2.9945848 2.99458718 0.456241518 0.665789068 0.576083004 1 1.36099136
Act. TR(ms) ― 1368 1368 581 1199 1250 ― ―
Act. TE(ms) ― 59 59 70 80 80 ― ―
Act. TR/TE(ms) 6.9 / 4.6 ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
Act. TR/TI(ms) ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
Act. TR/TE1/delta TE(ms) ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
ACQ matrix M x P 256 x 128 92 x 58 92 x 58 200 x 143 256 x 185 320 x 200 284 x 217 172 x 149
ACQ voxel MPS (mm) 1.76 / 3.52 / 15.0 3.04 / 2.96 / 6.00 3.04 / 2.96 / 6.00 1.50 / 1.82 / 5.00 1.76 / 1.74 / 4.00 1.41 / 1.60 / 5.00 1.58 / 1.53 / 4.00 1.74 / 1.76 / 3.50
REC voxel MPS (mm) 1.76 / 1.76 / 15.0 1.59 / 1.59 / 6.00 1.59 / 1.59 / 6.00 1.25 / 1.25 / 5.00 1.34 / 1.34 / 4.00 0.88 / 0.88 / 5.00 1.04 / 1.04 / 2.00 0.94 / 0.94 / 1.75
Scan percentage (%) 50 102.380951 102.380951 82.7586212 100.925926 87.8787842 103.311256 98.6842117
Packages ― 2 2 ― ― ― ― 2
TFE shots ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
TFE dur. shot / acq (ms) 925.8 / 879.6 ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
TFE shot interval (ms) ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
Min. TI delay 474.358093 ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
Min. slice gap (mm) ― -0 -0 ― ― ― ― ―
EPIfactor ― 43 43 ― ― ― ― ―
Act.slicegap (mm) ― ― ― ― ― ― -2 -1.75
Act. WFS (pix) / BW (Hz) 0.601 / 723.4 ― ― ― ― ― 0.355 / 1222.5 0.293 / 1483.0
Min. WFS (pix) / Max. BW (Hz) 0.587 / 739.8 ― ― ― ― ― 0.286 / 1517.7 0.293 / 1483.0
Min. TR/TE(ms) 6.9 / 3.1 ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
Min. TR/TE1/delta TE(ms) ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
WFS (pix) / BW (Hz) ― 10.956 / 39.6 10.956 / 39.6 0.883 / 492.1 0.819 / 530.7 0.945 / 459.6 ― ―
TSE es / shot(ms) ― ― ― 4.8 / 238 4.4 / 316 4.8 / 216 ― ―
TEeff / TEequiv(ms) ― ― ― 70 / 62 80 / 75 80 / 72 ― ―
Min. TR(ms) ― ― ― ― ― 626 ― ―
Min. TR/TI(ms) ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
BW in EPI freq. dir. (Hz) ― 2197.1 2197.1 ― ― ― ― ―
SPIR offset act./default (Hz) ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
Local torso SAR < 35 % < 57 % < 57 % < 100 % < 100 % < 50 % < 28 % < 25 %
Whole body SAR / level < 1.1 W/kg / normal < 1.5 W/kg / normal < 1.5 W/kg / normal < 3.2 W/kg / 1st level < 2.7 W/kg / 1st level < 1.3 W/kg / normal < 0.8 W/kg / normal < 0.8 W/kg / normal
SED 0.0 kJ/kg < 0.3 kJ/kg < 0.3 kJ/kg < 0.2 kJ/kg < 0.1 kJ/kg < 0.1 kJ/kg 0.0 kJ/kg 0.0 kJ/kg
Coil Power ― 45 % 45 % 96 % 80 % 40 % 23 % 24 %
Max B1+rms 1.35 uT 1.58 uT 1.58 uT 2.29 uT 2.15 uT 1.48 uT 1.11 uT 1.14 uT
PNS / level 17 % / normal 77 % / normal 77 % / normal 59 % / normal 67 % / normal 58 % / normal 61 % / normal 76 % / normal
dB/dt 16.1 T/s 121.7 T/s 121.6 T/s 81.6 T/s 108.5 T/s 99.3 T/s 113.4 T/s 101.3 T/s
Sound Pressure Level (dB) 0.118939735 10.7022247 10.700799 8.3959341 17.3612576 12.3386784 12.9358244 16.3594475
Boil-off (hPa/h) ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
Max Boil-off (hPa/h) ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
Boil-off (hPa) ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―

Geometry

Scan Description Survey AX DWI RT LOWER AX DWI RT UPPER AX T2 FS SS CO T2 FS SS CO T2 TSE CO T1 FS DYNAMIC CONTRAST INJECTION AX T1 FS
POST CONTRAST
Nucleus ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
SmartSelect yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes
Coil 1 (exclude) ― None None ― None None None ―
Uniformity ― CLEAR CLEAR CLEAR CLEAR CLEAR CLEAR CLEAR
FOV AP (mm) ― 171.818176 171.818176 260 179 197.5 200 262.5
FOV FH (mm) 450 223 223 ― 450 450 450 ―
FOV RL (mm) 450 280 280 300 321.428558 319.921875 333.333344 300
    stack RL (mm) ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
ACQ voxel size AP (mm) ― 2.98669624 2.98669624 1.79999995 ― ― 4 1.75
ACQ voxel size FH (mm) 1.7578125 ― ― ― 1.75 1.39999998 1.58000004 3.5
ACQ voxel size RL (mm) 3.515625 3 3 1.5 1.75 1.60000002 1.53030849 1.75
Slice thickness (mm) 15 6 6 5 4 5 ― ―
Recon voxel size AP (mm) ― 1.59090912 1.59090912 1.25 ― ― 2 0.9375
Recon voxel size FH (mm) 1.7578125 ― ― ― 1.33928573 0.87890625 1.04166663 1.75
Recon voxel size RL (mm) 1.7578125 1.59090912 1.59090912 1.25 1.33928573 0.87890625 1.04166663 0.9375
Fold-over suppression no oversampling oversampling no oversampling oversampling oversampling no
Slice oversampling ― ― ― ― ― ― default default
    oversample factor ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
ENCASE enable ― ― ― ― ― ― no no
RF select. FOS ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
Reconstruction matrix 256 176 176 240 336 512 432 320
SENSE no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes
    Preduction (AP) ― 2 2 2 ― ― ― 2
MB SENSE ― no no ― ― ― ― ―
CS-SENSE no no no no no no no no
    reduction ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
    denoising ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
k-t Acceleration no no no no no no no no
Stacks 3 1 1 2 1 1 1 2
    current ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
    type parallel parallel parallel parallel parallel parallel ― parallel
    slices 1 32 32 42 36 36 100 131
    slice gap user defined user defined user defined user defined user defined user defined ― ―
    gap (mm) 10 1 1 0.5 1 0.5 ― 10
    slice orientation coronal transverse transverse transverse coronal coronal coronal transverse
    fold-over direction RL AP AP AP RL RL RL AP
    fat shift direction P A A L F F F L
Minimum number of packages ― 2 2 ― ― ― ― ―
Multi-chunk ― ― ― ― ― ― no no
Slice scan order default interleaved interleaved interleaved interleaved interleaved ― ―
Stack scan order ascend ― ― FH ― ― ― FH
Stack sort order no ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
O-MAR ― ― ― no no no ― ―
Large table movement no yes yes no no no no no
Plan Align no no no no no no no no
REST slabs 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    type ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
    thickness (mm) ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
    position ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
    gap ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
    power ― ― ― 1 1 ― ― ―
Interactive positioning no no no no no no no no
Allow table movement ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
Patient position head first head first head first head first head first head first head first head first
Patient body position head first head first head first head first head first head first head first head first
Patient orientation supine supine supine supine supine supine supine supine
Patient body orientation supine supine supine supine supine supine supine supine

Contrast

Scan Description Survey AX DWI RT LOWER AX DWI RT UPPER AX T2 FS SS CO T2 FS SS CO T2 TSE CO T1 FS DYNAMIC CONTRAST INJECTION AX T1 FS
POST CONTRAST
Scan type Imaging Imaging Imaging Imaging Imaging Imaging Imaging Imaging
Scan mode M2D MS MS M2D M2D M2D 3D 3D
technique FFE SE SE SE SE SE FFE FFE
Modified SE ― no no no no no ― ―
3D non-selective ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
loop order ― ― ― ― ― ― zy_order zy_order
Contrast enhancement T1 ― ― ― ― ― T1 T1
Acquisition mode cartesian cartesian cartesian cartesian cartesian cartesian cartesian cartesian
Fast Imaging mode TFE EPI EPI TSE TSE TSE none none
3D VIEW ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
shot mode single-shot single-shot single-shot single-shot single-shot single-shot ― ―
TFE factor 128 ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
TSE factor ― ― ― 50 72 45 ― ―
startup echoes default ― ― 0 0 0 ― ―
shot interval ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
profile order linear ― ― linear linear linear ― ―
turbo direction ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
DRIVE ― ― ― no no no ― ―
ultrashort ― ― ― yes yes yes ― ―
shift ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
fid reduction ― ― ― strong strong strong ― ―
Echoes 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2
partial echo no no no no no no no no
shifted echo no ― ― ― ― ― no no
TE in-phase shortest shortest user defined user defined user defined shortest shortest
(ms) 4.60384226 ― ― 70 80 80 ― ―
echospacing ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
(ms) ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
flyback ― ― ― ― ― ― no no
Flip angle (deg) 25 90 90 90 90 90 10 10
Refocusing control ― ― ― constant constant constant ― ―
angle (deg) ― ― ― 120 135 125 ― ―
bright fat reduction ― ― ― no no no ― ―
TR shortest shortest shortest shortest shortest user defined shortest shortest
(ms) ― ― ― ― ― 1250 ― ―
minimum (ms) ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
maximum (ms) ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
Halfscan no yes yes default default default yes yes
factor ― 0.698113024 0.698113024 ― ― ― ― ―
factor Y ― ― ― ― ― ― 0.725000024 0.850000024
factor Z ― ― ― ― ― ― 0.800000012 0.850000024
Water-fat shift user defined minimum minimum maximum maximum maximum user defined minimum
(pixels) 0.600000024 ― ― ― ― ― 0.349999994 ―
IR delay (ms) ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
dual ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
power ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
RF Shims ― adaptive adaptive fixed adaptive adaptive adaptive fixed
Shim ― auto auto default default default auto default
mDIXON no no no no no no yes yes
Fat suppression no SPIR SPIR SPAIR SPAIR no no no
strength ― strong strong ― ― ― ― ―
power ― ― ― 1 1 ― ― ―
inversion delay ― ― ― auto auto ― ― ―
suppr. level ― ― ― strong strong ― ― ―
frequency offset ― default default user defined default ― ― ―
offset (Hz) ― ― ― 220 ― ― ― ―
Grad Rev Fat suppr ― yes yes no no no ― ―
Water suppression no no no no no no no no
TFE prepulse invert ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
slice selection no ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
delay shortest ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
(ms) ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
BB pulse ― no no no no no ― ―
MTC no no no no no no no no
T2prep no ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
echo time(ms) ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
refocusing pulses ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
APT ― no no no no no ― ―
Custom prepulse no no no no no no no no
MDME no no no no no no no no
Diffusion mode no DWI DWI no no no no no
sequence ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
gradient expert mode ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
gradient overplus ― yes yes ― ― ― ― ―
direction ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
nr of b-factors ― 3 3 ― ― ― ― ―
b-factor order ― user defined user defined ― ― ― ― ―
max b-factor ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
average high b ― yes yes ― ― ― ― ―
T1 mapping no no no no no no no no
Transmit channels ― both both both both both both both
SAR mode low high high high high high high high
B1 mode default default default default default default default default
SAR allow first level yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes
Patient pregnancy no no no no no no no no
Patient WB SAR [W/kg] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Patient Head SAR [W/kg] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Patient max. dB/dt [T/s] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Max slewrate [T/m/s] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Max. B1+rms [uT] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
PNS mode low high high high high moderate high high
Gradient mode regular maximum maximum maximum maximum maximum maximum maximum
SofTone mode no no no no no no no no

Motion

Scan Description Survey AX DWI RT LOWER AX DWI RT UPPER AX T2 FS SS CO T2 FS SS CO T2 TSE CO T1 FS DYNAMIC CONTRAST INJECTION AX T1 FS
POST CONTRAST
Cardiac synchronization no no no no no no no no
Heart rate > 250 bpm no no no no no no no no
Respiratory compensation no trigger trigger breath hold breath hold breath hold breath hold breath hold
Navigator respiratory comp no no no no no no no no
Flow compensation no no no no no no no no
Temporal slice spacing ― default default ― ― ― ― ―
Motion smoothing no ― ― no no no ― ―
fMRI echo stabilisation no ― ― ― ― ― no no
NSA 1 3 3 1 1 1 1 1
MRE enable no no no no no no no no

Dynamic Angio

Scan Description Survey AX DWI RT LOWER AX DWI RT UPPER AX T2 FS SS CO T2 FS SS CO T2 TSE CO T1 FS DYNAMIC CONTRAST INJECTION AX T1 FS
POST CONTRAST
Angio / Contrast enh. no ― ― ― ― ― contrast enh. contrast enh.
Quantitative flow no ― ― ― ― ― no no
CENTRA ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ―
Manual start no no no no no no ― no
Dynamic study no no no no no no individual no
Arterial Spin labeling no no no no no no no no

Post Processing

Scan Description Survey AX DWI RT LOWER AX DWI RT UPPER AX T2 FS SS CO T2 FS SS CO T2 TSE CO T1 FS DYNAMIC CONTRAST INJECTION AX T1 FS
POST CONTRAST
Preparation phases ― auto auto auto auto auto auto full
Interactive F0 no no no no no no no no
Quick Survey default default default default default default default default
SmartPlan survey no no no no no no no no
B0 field map no no no no no no no no
B1 field map no no no no no no no no
MIP/MPR no no no no no no no no
SWIp no ― ― ― ― ― no no
Images no no no no no no ― ―
Autoview image M M M M M M ― ―
Calculated images no no no no no no ― ―
Reference tissue Liver Liver Liver Liver Liver Liver Lung Liver
Recon compression No No No No No No No Default
Preset window contrast soft soft soft soft soft soft soft no
Reconstruction mode real time immediate immediate real time real time real time real time real time
Save raw data no no no no no no no no
Hardcopy protocol no no no no no no no no
Image filter system default system default system default system default system default system default system default system default
Uniformity correction no no no no no no no no
Geometry correction default default default default default default default default
EPI geometry correction ― no no ― ― ― ― ―
ADC correction ― no no ― ― ― ― ―
Elliptical k-space shutter ― ― ― ― ― ― default default
Free rotatable no no no no no no no no